Using STorM32 with ArduPilot: Difference between revisions

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The STorM32 gimbal controller can communicate with an [http://ardupilot.org/ardupilot/index.html ArduPilot] flight controller via a serial data line. The serial communication allows for a much richer exchange and accordingly richer set of features than possible with the traditional PWM connections. It also leads to a clean wiring.
''The information on this page refers to firmware v2.64e, and higher.''
 
The STorM32 gimbal controller can communicate with an [http://ardupilot.org/ardupilot/index.html ArduPilot] flight controller via a serial UART data link. The serial communication allows for a much richer data transmission and accordingly richer set of features than possible with the traditional connections such as PWM, PPM, SBUS, CRSF, and alike.
 
If you only need the range of functionality possible with the conventional tilt & pan control, then you may not need anything of the following. Some of the basic features can also be accomplished in traditional ways. Decide yourself which approach fits your needs best. :)
 
If you want to make best use of your STorM32 gimbal and want 2020-ish capabilities, then you may want to chose [https://github.com/olliw42/BetaPilot BetaPilot] (BetaCopter/BetaPlane). This fork of ArduPilot is specifically designed for the STorM32 gimbal controller, and provides the best range of functions. For details see [[Using STorM32 with BetaPilot]].
 
<div class="toclimit-3">__TOC__</div>


== STorM32 - ArduPilot Support ==
== STorM32 - ArduPilot Support ==


Three modes of operation are currently available:
'''''ArduPilot''''' offers three mount types, which can in principle be used with the STorM32 controller:


=== STorM32 Mavlink ===
* '''''SToRM32 MAVLink''''': MNTx_TYPE = 4
* '''''SToRM32 Serial''''': MNTx_TYPE = 5
* '''''Greemsy''''': MNTx_TYPE = 6


* SERIAL_PROTOCOL = 1
For further details on the first two mounts, and instructions on how to use them, please visit [http://ardupilot.org/copter/docs/common-storm32-gimbal.html#common-storm32-gimbal| ArduPilot Docs > Copter > Optional Hardware > Camera&Gimbals > SToRM32 Gimbal Controller].
* MOUNT_TYPE = 4
* STorM32 heartbeat must be activated, {{PARAMNAME|Mavlink Configuration}} = {{PARAMVALUE|emit heartbeat}} or higher
* available in ArduPilot and BetaCopter


For further details please visit [http://ardupilot.org/copter/docs/common-storm32-gimbal.html#common-storm32-gimbal| ArduPilot Docs > Copter > Optional Hardware > Camera&Gimbals > SToRM32 Gimbal Controller].
The ''SToRM32 Serial'' mount (MNTx_TYPE = 5) does not work with v2.xx firmwares, and should not be considered except for legacy I2C setups running v0.9x firmware.


=== STorM32 serial ===
The ''Greemsy'' mount (MNTx_TYPE = 6) is MAVLink based, and thus can in principle be used with STorM32. This mount in fact exploits the 'new' gimbal messages of the [https://mavlink.io/en/services/gimbal_v2.html gimbal protocol v2], and would offer some real benefits. However, it unfortuntaley violates and breaks the MAVLink standard in various respects, and interoperability with STorM32 is thus mixed.


* SERIAL_PROTOCOL = 8
The ''SToRM32 MAVLink'' mount (MNTx_TYPE = 4) currently appears to work best with STorM32 in the sense that it produces the least issues, but it is quite limited in its functionality.
* MOUNT_TYPE = 5 (the arducopter docu is wrong here)
* STorM32 heartbeat must be deactivated, {{PARAMNAME|Mavlink Configuration}} = {{PARAMVALUE|no heartbeat}}
* available in ArduPilot and BetaCopter


For further details please visit [http://ardupilot.org/copter/docs/common-storm32-gimbal.html#common-storm32-gimbal| ArduPilot Docs > Copter > Optional Hardware > Camera&Gimbals > SToRM32 Gimbal Controller].
For both the ''SToRM32 MAVLink'' (MNTx_TYPE = 4) and ''Greemsy'' (MNTx_TYPE = 6) mounts, it is not fully clear what works and what does not work at the time of writing, but the ''SToRM32 MAVLink'' mount (MNTx_TYPE = 4) should work fine with respect to controlling a STorM32 gimbal.


=== STorM32 native ===
'''''Disclaimer''': ArduPilot's gimbal support is a constant source of issues, in terms of incompatibilities with the official MAVLink standard and/or flaws, and the details can quite vary with the ArduPilot firmware version. Also the ArduPilot documentation can be out-of-date. Please note that STorM32 can't do anything about this, it's ArduPilot, and please also note that the STorM32 firmware author is neither responsible for the implementation of ArduPilot's mount types nor for ArduPilot's documentation.''


* SERIAL_PROTOCOL = 83
== Virtual Channel Configuration ==
* MOUNT_TYPE = 83
* STorM32 heartbeat must be deactivated, {{PARAMNAME|Mavlink Configuration}} = {{PARAMVALUE|no heartbeat}}
* available only in BetaCopter


The remainder of this wiki page is devoted exclusively to describing the STorM32 native mode.
ArduPilot does not emit the RC_CHANNELS MAVLink message by default, which could be desired for taking advantage of the STorM32's virtual channel feature.


=== Feature Matrix ===
It can be activated in the flight controller by setting the SRx_RC_CHAN parameter to a non-zero value, where 'x' refers to the stream associated to the serial port which is used for the MAVLink communication with the STorM32 controller.


For more details on the feature see [[Using_STorM32_with_BetaPilot#Virtual_Channel_Configuration|Virtual Channel Configuration]].
<!--
== Feature Matrix ==
(for ArduPilot 4.2)(the status for ArduPilot 4.3 is presently unclear)(all to the best of the authors knowledge)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!Feature
!Feature
!STorM32 Mavlink
!Traditional<br>PWM, PPM, SBUS, ...
!STorM32 serial
!SToRM32 MAVLink<br>(MNT_TYPE = 4)
!STorM32 native
!SToRM32 Serial<br>(MNT_TYPE = 5)
!BetaPilot<br> STorM32 MAVLink2<br>(MNT_TYPE = 83)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | Gimbal Angle Control || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || style="background-color: #d2f8d2;"| x <sup>(?)</sup> || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | MOUNT_STATUS message || - || style="background-color: #d2f8d2;"| x <sup>(1)</sup> || style="background-color: #d2f8d2;"| x <sup>(2)</sup> || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | ATTITUDE message || - || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | Camera Trigger || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | Gimbal Point in MP || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || style="background-color: #d2f8d2;"| x <sup>(2)</sup> || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | Solo Smart Shots || style="background-color: #d2f8d2;"| x <sup>(3)|| - || - || style="background-color: #d2f8d2;"| x <sup>(3)</sup>
|-
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | Gimbal Angle Control || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
| style="text-align:left;" | Camera Manager in QGC || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | Camera Trigger || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
| style="text-align:left;" | MAVLink Parameters || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | MAV_MOUNT_STATUS message || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
| style="text-align:left;" | Video Control in Missions || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | Video on/off || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
| style="text-align:left;" | 360° Gimbal with Free Look || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | Extended Gimbal Angle Control || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
| style="text-align:left;" | STorM32 Functions || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | 360° Gimbal with Free Look || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
| style="text-align:left;" | STorM32 Scripts || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | STorM32 Functions || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
| style="text-align:left;" | STorM32-Link: Horizon Drift Comp. || - || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x <sup></sup>
|-
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | STorM32 Scripts || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
| style="text-align:left;" | STorM32-Link: Yaw Drift Comp. || - || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x <sup></sup>
|-
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | Transmitter Passthrough || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x  
| style="text-align:left;" | MAVLink Passthrough Configuration || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | STorM32-Link || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
| style="text-align:left;" | MAVLink Camera Microservice || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | MAVLink Advanced Features || - || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | MAVLink Statustext messages || - || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | STorM32 Gimbal Protocol || - || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | Prearm Checks || - || - || - || style="background-color: lightgreen;"| x
|}
|}


== BetaCopter 3.4 ==
(?) Many but not all features work in the latest ArduPilot releases. Please check with the ArduPilot community.
 
I made some modification to ArduCopter AC3.4 (dev of 3. Aug. 2016), yielding BetaCopter. However, unless the STorM32-specific features are not activated by a "secret key" 83, BetaCopter will - to the best of my knowledge - behave exactly like the original code. This means that - to the best of my knowledge - there is no additional risk in using BetaCopter instead of ArduCopter.
 
For the following you need betacopter 3.4-dev v013 and o323bgc v2.09e. You can download them here:
* o323bgc v2.09e: http://www.rcgroups.com/forums/showpost.php?p=35389315&postcount=8629
* betacopter 3.4-dev v013: http://www.rcgroups.com/forums/showpost.php?p=35410025&postcount=267
 
On the STorM32, the {{PARAMNAME|Mavlink Configuration}} parameter '''''must''''' be set to {{PARAMVALUE|no heartbeat}}.
 
The following settings or parameter fields are available. The features involve settings on both the BetaCopter and STorM32 side.
 
=== ArduCopter: SERIALx_PROTOCOL = 83 ===
 
As serial protocol you may choose 83, which activates BetaCopter's native STorM32 protocol. SERIALx_BAUD must be set to 115. You should then notice this:
 
* All ArduCopter camera features are working. That is, whenever a certain path of actions (Mavlink, receiver, mission,...) lets ArduCopter think it wants to take a picture, the STorM32 will know and act.
* In the Message box of MissonPlanner a "STorM32 ..." message will appear. This so-to-say tells you that the serial ArduCopter-STorM32 connection is working.
 
Setting SERIALx_PROTOCOL = 83 is '''''mandatory''''' for any of the STorM32-specific features to work. That is, also the other features below won't work without that setting.
 
=== ArduCopter: MNT_TYPE = 83 ===
 
As mount type you may choose 83, which activates BetaCopter's native STorM32 mount. In addition to the above you should then also notice this:
 
All ArduCopter mount features are working. Well, that's mostly exactly what you get also with the other modes of operation, e.g. when using the Mavlink connection with ArduPilot. One enhancement of the 83 mode is however that also the Mavlink MAV_MOUNT_STATUS message is emitted, so that in e.g. MissionPlaner the camera orientation can be read off. Furthermore, see the next parameters.
 
=== ArduCopter: STORM Parameters ===
 
BetaCopter introduces some new parameters, which are collect under the STORM header.
 
* '''STORM_RC_TRGT''': Allows to modify the behavior of the native STorM32 mount in the RC Targeting mode. <br> A value of 0 sets it to the standard ArduPilot behavior, as you know it. In this setting, the camera motion is determined by the various MNT parameters. When set to 1, in contrast, the standard STorM32 behavior is obtained. Here, the camera motion is determined by the STorM32's {{PARAMNAME|Rc Input}} parameter fields. That is, the camera responds to transmitter inputs in exactly the same way as you know it for the STorM32. I guess, after having gotten used to it, most will prefer this operation mode. It is also somewhat more robust against rc failsafes.
 
* '''STORM_HAS_PAN''': Allows to set the has_pan_control flag of the native STorM32 mount to 0:false or 1:true. <br> It is not totally clear to me what this flag does (for the other mounts it is set to false). From the code I speculate that when false the copter will yaw along with a yaw command to the gimbal, while when true the copter isn't affected by a yawing mount. If so, the latter would enable a free 360° panning independent on the copter as expected for 360° gimbals (see e.g. digaus' tracking work). Anyway, whatever this flag does, it will be interesting to figure it out.
 
=== STorM32: Virtual Channel Configuration = serial ===
 
The STorM32's {{PARAMNAME|Virtual Channel Configuration}} parameter can be set to {{PARAMVALUE|serial}}. This enables this feature:
 
All STorM32 [[Inputs and Functions|functions]] can be invoked by selecting a {{PARAMVALUE|Virtual-1}} - {{PARAMVALUE|Virtual-16}} input channel, as if the STorM32 would be directly connected to the receiver. This allows doing many useful things, such as activating a script or triggering video on/off from the transmitter. It however also allows doing nonsense, e.g. if the ArduCopter mount is activated and is in Rc Targeting mode, and a RC input control, e.g. {{PARAMNAME|Rc Pitch}}, is set to a virtual input channel, then the gimbal will move in funny ways since it receives the transmitter stick information from two different sides. In contrast, if the ArduCopter mount is in GPS or ROI Targeting mode, when one gets "free look", which is useful and quite cool actually. As said, all that is exactly as if the receiver would be directly connected to the STorM32 on its RC ports.
 
=== STorM32-Link ===
 
With SERIALx_PROTOCOL = 83 you should also note that in the STorM32 GUI, specifically the Dashboard and/or DataDisplay, the STorM32-Link field goes ON. If you want to know what the STorM32-Link is about, please see http://www.rcgroups.com/forums/showthread.php?t=2395475. In short, the STorM32-Link transmits data from the flight controller to the STorM32 controller, which allows for an improved stabilization performance such as a better horizon stability, lower yaw drift, or IMU calibration.
 
The main parts of the STorM32-Link functionality are actually not yet implemented in the STorM32, this will take some more time. However, as evidenced by STorM32-Link field going ON, the data exchange is established, which can be considered a crucial milestone.
 
== Testing the Serial Connection ==


The serial connection can be tested in several ways. The following tests do not require that the copter build is completed, and do not require that the copter is armed.
(1) The message reports the last set point, not the actual gimbal/camera orientation.


* Message box in MissonPlanner: In the message box several messages related to the STorM32 should appear. In particular, a message like "STorM32 v2.10e nt v1.30 F103RC" informing about the STorM32 firmware version should be visible. Also, a message "STorM32 in NORMAL mode" should occur when the gimbal has initialized.
(2) Works only for deprecated v0.9x firmwares.


* STorM32-Link field in the STorM32 GUI: The {{GUI|Dashboard}} and {{GUI|Data Display}} each have a field which is related to the STorM32-Link. They should display OK.
(3) Only up to ArduCopter 3.6. ArduCopter 4.0 has introduced two bugs which the STorM32 controller cannot work around.
-->


* Trigger Camera NOW: In MissionPlanner the camera can be triggered by a right-mouse-click dropdown menu in the Flight Data map. On the STorM32 side the camera trigger can be easily tested by connecting a visible-light LED (red, green, blue, not IR) to the #IR port.
== Testing the Connection ==


* Camera RC Targeting: With the mount in RC Targeting mode (which should be the default setting), the camera can be moved with the transmitter sticks. This requires MNT_TYPE = 83 to be set.
The serial MAVLink connection can be tested in several ways. Suggestions can be found in [[Using_STorM32_with_BetaPilot#Testing_the_Connection | Using STorM32 with BetaPilot: Testing the Connection]]. They may not all work with native ArduPilot, but many will.

Latest revision as of 09:00, 28 January 2024

The information on this page refers to firmware v2.64e, and higher.

The STorM32 gimbal controller can communicate with an ArduPilot flight controller via a serial UART data link. The serial communication allows for a much richer data transmission and accordingly richer set of features than possible with the traditional connections such as PWM, PPM, SBUS, CRSF, and alike.

If you only need the range of functionality possible with the conventional tilt & pan control, then you may not need anything of the following. Some of the basic features can also be accomplished in traditional ways. Decide yourself which approach fits your needs best. :)

If you want to make best use of your STorM32 gimbal and want 2020-ish capabilities, then you may want to chose BetaPilot (BetaCopter/BetaPlane). This fork of ArduPilot is specifically designed for the STorM32 gimbal controller, and provides the best range of functions. For details see Using STorM32 with BetaPilot.

STorM32 - ArduPilot Support

ArduPilot offers three mount types, which can in principle be used with the STorM32 controller:

  • SToRM32 MAVLink: MNTx_TYPE = 4
  • SToRM32 Serial: MNTx_TYPE = 5
  • Greemsy: MNTx_TYPE = 6

For further details on the first two mounts, and instructions on how to use them, please visit ArduPilot Docs > Copter > Optional Hardware > Camera&Gimbals > SToRM32 Gimbal Controller.

The SToRM32 Serial mount (MNTx_TYPE = 5) does not work with v2.xx firmwares, and should not be considered except for legacy I2C setups running v0.9x firmware.

The Greemsy mount (MNTx_TYPE = 6) is MAVLink based, and thus can in principle be used with STorM32. This mount in fact exploits the 'new' gimbal messages of the gimbal protocol v2, and would offer some real benefits. However, it unfortuntaley violates and breaks the MAVLink standard in various respects, and interoperability with STorM32 is thus mixed.

The SToRM32 MAVLink mount (MNTx_TYPE = 4) currently appears to work best with STorM32 in the sense that it produces the least issues, but it is quite limited in its functionality.

For both the SToRM32 MAVLink (MNTx_TYPE = 4) and Greemsy (MNTx_TYPE = 6) mounts, it is not fully clear what works and what does not work at the time of writing, but the SToRM32 MAVLink mount (MNTx_TYPE = 4) should work fine with respect to controlling a STorM32 gimbal.

Disclaimer: ArduPilot's gimbal support is a constant source of issues, in terms of incompatibilities with the official MAVLink standard and/or flaws, and the details can quite vary with the ArduPilot firmware version. Also the ArduPilot documentation can be out-of-date. Please note that STorM32 can't do anything about this, it's ArduPilot, and please also note that the STorM32 firmware author is neither responsible for the implementation of ArduPilot's mount types nor for ArduPilot's documentation.

Virtual Channel Configuration

ArduPilot does not emit the RC_CHANNELS MAVLink message by default, which could be desired for taking advantage of the STorM32's virtual channel feature.

It can be activated in the flight controller by setting the SRx_RC_CHAN parameter to a non-zero value, where 'x' refers to the stream associated to the serial port which is used for the MAVLink communication with the STorM32 controller.

For more details on the feature see Virtual Channel Configuration.

Testing the Connection

The serial MAVLink connection can be tested in several ways. Suggestions can be found in Using STorM32 with BetaPilot: Testing the Connection. They may not all work with native ArduPilot, but many will.

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